SNV 2019-2023: Peaceful cross-border pastoralism in the Sahel (MOPSS)
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This contribution concerns a support of SEK 79.9 million to a three-year program called MOPSS, which aims to promote peaceful coexistence between primarily livestock farmers and sedentary farmers in the Western Sahel (Mali , Burkina Faso and Niger, but also Benin and Togo), and a strengthened consensus on how limited natural resources such as water, land and g...
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More about the contribution
This contribution concerns a support of SEK 79.9 million to a three-year program called MOPSS, which aims to promote peaceful coexistence between primarily livestock farmers and sedentary farmers in the Western Sahel (Mali , Burkina Faso and Niger, but also Benin and Togo), and a strengthened consensus on how limited natural resources such as water, land and grazing can benefit all groups and how conflicts around them can be prevented and resolved. The name MOPSS refers to the French name of the program which is freely translated into English as follows: "Peaceful cross-border movement for livestock in the Sahel and social stability" (Mobilité Pastorale transfrontalière apaisée et Stabilité social au Sahel). The background to this proposed decision is the severely deteriorating security situation in (Western) Sahel, the Swedish government's decision to add funds to the Regional Strategy with a focus on human security in the Sahel, and the fact that conflicts between herders and farmers have proven as deadly as the attacks from armed groups, and that these various conflicts also feed into each other in a way that seems to increase violence and where herders not only belong to the most severely affected victims but also are found among perpetrators. Focus is therefore on regional cooperation and cross-border development challenges. In the framework of the MOPSS program, SNV proposes to cooperate with the herders' (APESS and RBM) and the farmers' (ROPPA) own regional socio-professional organizations, as well as to support platforms for cooperation between them and other stakeholders (the Rural Hub). The NGO Care, with special experience and expertise from working with Community based justice systems linked to pastoral rights, is also a member of the consortium which is led by SNV who is also Sida's agreement partner. The aim of MOPSS is: 1) strengthen the capacity of the herders' organizations (RBM and APESS) to represent the interests of their members, but also to strengthen their internal democracy and participation, with a focus on the special interests and needs of women and young people; 2) Influencing the policy environment and its application, as well as the relevant regional actors (with a focus on ECOWAS) to better meet the needs of mobile cross-border livestock farming; 3) Support the social and economic viability of cross-border, mobile, livestock farming by contributing to necessary infrastructure and promoting the value chains inked to livestock farming, with a special focus on women and young people.
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Total aid 79,254,236 SEK distributed on 0 activities
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Result
The main results achieved by the programme are as follows: Improved governance of RPOs: RPOs have improved their accountability through the development of financial and administrative management, monitoring and evaluation and knowledge gathering/capitalisation capacities. They have strengthened their ability to advocate jointly on the regulatory framework needed to ensure peaceful transhumance and on the future of mobile livestock farming. MOPSS has also improved the leadership of 19 young people (9 women), 13 coaches and 4 trainers (1 woman), making a total of 36 people (28% women), through a series of training and coaching sessions. These young leaders have contributed to the implementation of development initiatives in their communities and organisations, including local citizen actions and exchange meetings on the promotion of pastoralism. Others have been given responsibilities within local NGOs and/or their PO; this is the case of Fatimata Sondé, who has gone from being a facilitator to becoming a project manager at RECOPA in Burkina Faso. Political influence: Each of the three (3) RPOs conducted a prospective study on the future of mobile livestock production systems. Based on their individual reports, the three (3) organisations were able to produce a joint position paper and proposals on the future of pastoral systems. These products enabled the RPOs to take part in the work initiated in 2023 by the ECOWAS taskforce on the future of mobile livestock systems with a view to defining a regional strategy. They contribute to proposals for improving the political environment for pastoralism in West Africa and the Sahel. Citizen actions: Sixty-four (64) local citizen actions promoted by 91 volunteer Young Ambassadors for Pastoralism (JAP), including 27 women (30%). These Local Citizen Actions involved cleaning up public squares, planting trees in emblematic areas of the pastoral world, and mobilising the stakeholders who live there (professional, ethnic, and cultural diversity). Feedback and Complaints Mechanism (FCM): As part of MOPSS's Conflict-Sensitive Project Management (CSPM) approach, a feedback and complaints mechanism (FCM) has been set up and is operational. Fifty-three (53) local RPO focal points, including 7 women (12%) and 28 young people (47%) from the RPOs, facilitate this community accountability mechanism. Pastoral land rights: MOPSS has developed two (2) training modules and two (2) awareness-raising guides on pastoral land rights, validated by the authorities in charge of justice and the judicial training institute (Burkina Faso and Mali). Six hundred and thirty-three (633) legal actors, including 51 women (magistrates, lawyers, bailiffs, court clerks, notaries, traditional authorities, members of the CoFo, herders' representatives, etc.) have had their capacity on agropastoral land rights strengthened through training sessions and mobile public hearings. Structuring pastoral infrastructure: The construction of 8 pastoral boreholes and the marking out of a fifty-kilometre transhumance track in Kénédougou and WAPO for more than 22,000 households (Burkina, Benin, and Togo). Twenty (20) social agreements signed and respected to secure the 58 km of pastoral tracks and the 8 boreholes. In addition, a simplified practical guide to conflict prevention and management around pastoral infrastructures was drawn up and made available to the 20 management committees (COGES) of the pastoral track and boreholes. Employment for young people and women: One hundred and ten (110) young people, 34% of them women, have had their entrepreneurial skills strengthened. One hundred and seven (107) youth businesses (32% of which are led by women) have been supported. There has been a significant improvement in the production capacity of these youth businesses, with investments varying according to their needs and business plans: construction and/or rehabilitation of production units, acquisition of animals, acquisition of equipment and inputs, veterinary services, etc. Access to biodigesters and solar equipment: Seventy-nine (79) FASO BIO15 biodigesters, each with a capacity of 4m3, were built and are used by pastoral and agropastoral households to cook, and to produce and use compost to increase agricultural yields. Two hundred (200) solar kits and 166 solar lamps have been delivered and are being used for lighting and recharging the batteries of their mobile phones and those of neighbouring households, as well as for securing livestock at night. Support for vulnerable households: Two thousand one hundred and fifty-three (2,463) vulnerable family farms have received kits consisting of sheep, livestock feed, fodder seed, and cereals, including 566 households headed by women (24%). State technical services are responsible for monitoring the health of the animals. Partnerships: In partnership with ECOWAS, CILSS, WAEMU and Acting For Life, MOPSS organised a workshop on "Agropastoralism in the Mali-Burkina Faso-Côte d'Ivoire cross-border territories: management, prospects and challenges". The workshop provided an opportunity to bring together the various players in these areas involved in integrated territorial development, to present the existing mechanisms in the 3 countries, to explore avenues for synergy between sub-regional programmes (common database on violent conflicts) and with the various initiatives underway, such as the Maradi-Katsina consultation framework between Niger and Nigeria or that of the SKBO area (Sikasso, Korhogo, Bobo Dioulasso).
Copied from the Program Document dated 8 November 2019 and translated to English (the original results framework, in French, is copied further down): General and specific objectives: The overall goal of the program "Peaceful cross-border pastoral mobility and social stability in the Sahel" (Mobilité Pastorale transfrontalière apaisée et Stabilité sociale au Sahel; MOPSS) is to contribute to strengthening the resilience of agro-pastoral populations and social stability in the Sahel. To achieve this, three inter-connected and multi-level (regional, national, local) work streams are implemented to achieve the following specific objectives: 1. Strengthen the organizational governance of RBM and APESS, especially in its accountability and credibility dimensions. 2. Make the political and legal environment more favorable to the specificities of pastoralism. 3. Support the economic and social viability of pastoralism. The summarized detailed results framework, translated to English, looks as follows, numbered in reference to the specific objective it falls under: Expected results with regard to specific objective number 1: R1.1) The organizational structure and culture, in their membership and leadership dimensions, are strengthened in favor of the involvement of women and young people. R1.2) The capacities of analysis and influence of the members and the technical bodies are reinforced. R1.3) The provision of services to members and the capacity to collaborate with third parties are strengthened. R1.4) Administrative and financial management capabilities are improved. R1.5) Knowledge management capabilities are improved. Expected results with regard to specific objective number 2: R2.1) The revision and implementation of the policy and regulation of ECOWAS and its member states on livestock farming, pastoralism and transhumance integrate the views and feedback from the RPOs. R2.2) The coordination of interventions and the linkage of policies in the livestock sector in ECOWAS are improved. R2.3) The respect for the rights of pastoralists and agro-pastoralists is improved through piloting and testing a community based legal system. Expected results with regard to specific objective number 3: R3.1) Restrictions on mobility and market access are mitigated in cross-border areas. R3.2) The livelihoods of agro-pastoral family farms are maintained in trans-boundary areas. R3.3) The professional skills and employability of young people (boys and girls) in pastoral and agro-pastoral settings are strengthened. R3.4) The role of women and youth in promoting a culture of peace and social cohesion is strengthened.
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