icddr,b research 2016-2023
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The International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b) is an international health research institution located in Dhaka, dedicated to addressing the health challenges that disproportionately affect people living in poverty in Bangladesh and other low- and middle-income countries. Sida has supported icddr,b since 1981, and the institute...
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- C01 - Project-type interventions
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The International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b) is an international health research institution located in Dhaka, dedicated to addressing the health challenges that disproportionately affect people living in poverty in Bangladesh and other low- and middle-income countries. Sida has supported icddr,b since 1981, and the institute has evolved considerably over time. The institute is today a centre of excellence producing research of global relevance, such as child and maternal health, including reproductive health. icddr,b provides unique opportunities to address health challenges in low-income settings through low-cost, practical, lifesaving solutions. The track record includes the oral rehydration solution (ORS), zinc for diarrhoea treatment and tetanus vaccines for newborns, which have saved and continue to save millions of lives worldwide. icddr,b has the capacity to undertake a full spectrum of research spanning population-based studies and demographic surveillance, large-scale clinical trials, hospital-based clinical studies, and laboratory research. icddr,b has recently had some turbulent years with concerns of both organizational nature and regarding research sustainability, especially with regards to the regrowth of researchers at the senior level. These challenges are being addressed in different ways and the institute is currently at a transitional stage. icddr,b’s Strategic Plan 2015-2018 reinforces icddr,b’s legacy of focusing not just on discovery, but also on strengthening the organisation’s ability to shape policy at the national, regional and global level, as well as advocating for the use of highly effective products and evidence-based discoveries. icddr,b reinforces these efforts through publishing and South-South collaboration, training and capacity-building, and continues to build a cadre of public health experts and capacities for low- and middle-income countries. In addition, strategic national, regional and global partnerships tap into the complementary assets of other organisations—academic, scientific, NGOs and private sector—to maximise the influence and reach of icddr,b’s work. There are five key areas in which icddr,b has a strong track record and expertise (points 1-5 below) and two which are highly relevant to Bangladesh and where icddr,b would like to develop greater expertise (points 6-7 below): 1 Reduce maternal and neonatal mortality 2 Prevent and treat maternal and childhood malnutrition 3 Control enteric and respiratory infections 4 Detect and control emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases 5 Achieve universal health coverage 6 Non Communicable Diseases 7 Climate Change An important value of the Sida research support is the earmarking of research project funding to younger scientists and a possibility to plan a career development program of several years in a row. Another added value according to icddr,b is the relationship to Sida also as advisors, not just funders, who can support in developing processes and criteria for the calls and experience-sharing in capacity building. Sida strongly supports the ownership of icddr,b and collaboration with both South and North, which increases the potential of icddr,b researchers to attract international funding and hence the basis for icddr,b's sustainability.
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Total aid 64,175,000 SEK distributed on 0 activities
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Result
For the period 220101-230430, icddr,b reported on the three-stage cluster randomized controlled clinical trial for the use of low-cost bubble continuous positive airway pressure (bCPAP) in Ethiopia done in collaboration with the Armauer Hansen Research Institute (AHRI). The two first stages were finalized in 2020 and demonstrated feasibility and benefits of low-cost bCPAP treatment for children aged 1-59 months with severe pneumonia and hypoxemia in district hospitals in Ethiopia. The objective of the third stage of the trial was to determine the effectiveness of bCPAP in reducing death in children admitted to hospital with severe pneumonia and hypoxemia compared to using WHO standard flow oxygen therapy. Enrolment started in June 2021 in 12 district hospitals and was completed in July 2022 with 1240 children enrolled. Study results were presented at the AHRI campus in Addis Ababa in February 2023 with presence of a number of high profile delegates from Ministry of Health in Ethiopia, local WHO and pediatric association representatives. The Ministry of Health expressed keen interest to implement bCPAP in secondary hospitals in Ethiopia but lack of funding (including from Sida/Sweden) for scale-up and implementation research is limiting efforts. The project has so far generated two publications and one manuscript has accepted for publication in the Lancet Global Health: Gebre et al. (2022) Perception and experience of clinicians and caregivers in treating childhood severe pneumonia and hypoxemia using bubble continuous positive airway pressure in Ethiopian tertiary and general hospitals. PLoSOne; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275952. Gebre et al. (2022) Effectiveness of Bubble Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (BCPAP) for Treatment of Children Aged 1-59 Months with Severe Pneumonia and Hypoxemia in Ethiopia: A Pragmatic Cluster Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Clin Med; doi: 10.3390/jcm11174934. The bCPAP treatment was also tested during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: Chisti et al. (2023) Evaluation of feasibility phase of adaptive version of locally made bubble continuous positive airway pressure oxygen therapy for the treatment of COVID-19 positive and negative adults with severe pneumonia and hypoxaemia. Journal of Global Health; doi: 10.7189/jogh.13.06046.
Research support The main objective of the ongoing contribution is the development of skills and competencies of scientific staff; with a special focus on local junior researchers at mid-level, through a capacity training program. The participants are selected in competition and will go through a career development program including running their own research projects. In 2018 another component was added, for the study of an improved treatment of small children with severe pneumonia in Ethiopia. The method has been developed at icddr,b and is used at the hospital of icddr,b. The long-term purpose is to change the global guidelines of this treatment. Strategic programme support This component is a continuation of last year's strategic funding to enable icddr,b to enhance their activities of particular relevance to public health interventions that are linked to Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), Anti-microbial resistance (AMR), Climate change-related health impacts and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in urban slum populations - with global added value. Expected outputs are: A series of theoretically based indicators that bear on vulnerability and wellbeing of the urban poor, related directly and indirectly to the topics of WASH, AMR, NCDs, CCH and COVID-19; A series of measurement tools, equipment, and techniques to support the measurement of risk factors, exposures, and health outcomes in the urban poor; and Hardware and software to support the collection curation and communication of research data which will support project management within icddr,b and as part of broader South-South collaborations. The contribution will also support development of systems thinking in icddr,b. The proposal is assessed relevant for Sida, and Sweden's Global Strategy for sustainable social development 20182022 as these fit into icddrb's strategy and longer-term aspirations which include: 1. Promoting South-South collaboration and increasing engagement with the private sector. 2. Bringing icddr,bs current innovations to scale and increase uptake in Bangladesh and globally. 3. Building on its interdisciplinary capacity to examine the health consequences of climate change. 4. Preventing and treating non-communicable diseases 5. Continuing developing WASH and hygiene practices
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